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24-585: In addition to their role governing their particular Church, major archbishops, like Eastern Catholic patriarchs, are ex officio members of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches in the Roman Curia . They are required to attend the annual general meeting of this congregation, as well as other sessions if they are visiting Rome or are otherwise able. There are currently four major archbishops each leading

48-488: A cardinal except for Cyril Baselios and Sviatoslav Shevchuk. Antony Padiyara and Lubomyr Husar are the only major archbishops to resign the office, rather than dying in it. For a complete list of heads of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, including prior to its establishment as a major archiepiscopal church, see List of Leaders of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church . For a complete list of heads of

72-566: A major archiepiscopal autonomous Church. There was a strong movement within and after the Second Vatican Council to elevate Josyf Slipyj , then metropolitan of Lviv , for the Ukrainians, to the status of patriarch. Many of his admirers use this title for Slipyj when referring to him historically and many in Ukraine use this title for the current major archbishop even today. However (and at

96-535: A major archiepiscopal church, see List of bishops of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia . Congregation for the Oriental Churches Former dicasteries The Dicastery for the Eastern Churches (also called Dicastery for the Oriental Churches ), previously named Congregation for the Oriental Churches or Congregation for the Eastern Churches ( Latin : Congregatio pro Ecclesiis Orientalibus ),

120-863: Is a dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for contact with the Eastern Catholic churches for the sake of assisting their development and protecting their rights. It also maintains whole and entire in the one Catholic Church the heritage and canon law of the various Eastern Catholic traditions. It has exclusive authority over the following regions: Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula , Eritrea and northern Ethiopia , southern Albania and Bulgaria , Cyprus , Greece , Iran , Iraq , Lebanon , Israel (and Palestinian territories ), Syria , Jordan and Turkey , and also oversees jurisdictions based in Romania , Southern Italy , Hungary , India and Ukraine . It

144-693: Is the head of the Major Archdiocese of Thiruvananthapuram in Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India . The Major Archbishop , a position equivalent to Patriarch and locally called as Head & Father of Syro-Malankara Catholic Church . Pope Pius XI, through the Apostolic Constitution Christo Pastorum Principi of 11 June 1932, established the Syro-Malankara Hierarchy for the reunited community and erected

168-611: The Congregatio de Propaganda Fide pro negotiis ritus orientalis , a section of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith "for the affairs of the Oriental Rite", with the apostolic constitution Romani Pontifici . Pope Benedict XV declared it independent on 1 May 1917 with the motu proprio Dei providentis and named it the Congregatio pro Ecclesia Orientali (Congregation for

192-569: The Latin Church with Jalakh being a Maronite . From 1917 to 1967, the pope held the title of prefect of the Congregation, which was headed by a cardinal secretary. From then until 2022 it was headed by a cardinal prefect. When Claudio Gugerotti was named to head this Curia office, by then called a dicastery, he was an archbishop. List of Major Archbishops of Thiruvananthapuram The Major Archbishop-Catholicos of Thiruvananthapuram

216-733: The Syro-Malankara Catholic Church and the Romanian Greek Catholic Church in 2005. Compared to other titles available to the heads of sui juris Eastern Catholic Churches, the title of "major archbishop" falls below "patriarch" and above "metropolitan archbishop". The title is used for archbishops of episcopal sees that were founded more recently than the patriarchal sees and are therefore less prestigious. Canon law , however generally treats major archbishops as equivalent to patriarchs, except where specifically provided otherwise. What differences there are between

240-512: The synod of the sui iuris Church, but their election requires confirmation by the Pope , not the simple notification and request for communion required of patriarchs. On the other hand, metropolitan archbishops of Eastern Catholic Churches sui juris are appointed by the Pope (rather than elected by their synod) and have much less authority even within their own churches. The title major archbishop in

264-576: The Archiparchy of Thiruvananthapuram with the Eparchy of Tiruvalla as its suffragan. The Metropolitan Eparchy of Thiruvananthapuram was established in 1933. Mar Ivanios was enthroned as its first Metropolitan Archbishop. The Eparchy of Tiruvalla was established in 1933. Jacob Mor Theophilos was enthroned as its first bishop. On 10 February 2005, the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church was raised to

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288-591: The Catholic Church is roughly equivalent to the patriarchal title catholicos in some Orthodox Churches. Catholicos is used internally by the Syro-Malankara Church for their major archbishop. This section provides a complete list of every bishop who has held the title of major archbishop, organized according to the precedence of their titles, which follows the order in which their churches became major archiepiscopal. So far, every major archbishop has been

312-635: The Church assisted by the Holy Synod of Bishops of the Church. The title “ Catholicos ” is used according to the Antiochene-Malankara Tradition in referring to the "Major Archbishop" (a term recently adopted by the Latin Church to refer to Eastern bishops equal to patriarchal authority, without an historical Patriarchate). The Father and Head of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, Baselios Cleemis

336-517: The Eastern Church). It was presided over by the pope and a cardinal filled the role of Secretary. There were also councillors, chosen from among the more distinguished clergy and those experienced in issues affecting these churches. Pope Paul VI changed its name by adopting the plural Congregatio pro Ecclesiis Orientalibus (Congregation for Eastern Churches) with the apostolic constitution Regimini Ecclesiae Universae of 15 August 1967, reflecting

360-632: The Eastern as well as the Latin churches, the congregation operates, if the matter is important enough, in consultation with the dicastery that has authority in the matter for the Latin Church. The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem is exempt from the authority of the congregation, being directly subject to the Holy See . The congregation pays special attention to communities of Eastern Catholic faithful who live in

384-680: The Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, including prior to its establishment as a major archiepiscopal church, see List of Major Archbishops of the Syro-Malabar Church . For a complete list of heads of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, including prior to its establishment as a major archiepiscopal church, see List of Major Archbishops of Thiruvananthapuram . For a complete list of heads of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church, including prior to its establishment as

408-559: The behest of Russian Orthodox officials), Pope Paul VI specifically declined to grant this title, instead creating this new title and appointing Slipyj the first "major archbishop" of Lviv (the seat has since been moved to Kyiv ). Slipyj's successors have only used the title of major archbishop. The title "major archbishop" was first granted to the head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in 1963. The Syro-Malabar Church became major archiepiscopal in 1992, followed by

432-933: The diversity of rites. This congregation has authority over: This congregation's authority does not include the exclusive authority of the Congregations for the Doctrine of the Faith and for the Causes of Saints , of the Apostolic Penitentiary , the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura , and the Tribunal of the Roman Rota , including what pertains to dispensations from a marriage ratum sed non consummatum ('"ratified but not consummated"). In matters which affect

456-456: The major decree Orientalium Ecclesiarum of the Second Vatican Council . Pope Francis , with his apostolic constitution Praedicate evangelium , which took effect on 5 June 2022, changed its name to the Dicastery for the Eastern Churches. The current prefect of the dicastery is Claudio Gugerotti . The secretary is Michel Jalakh . The undersecretary is Flavio Pace . Two are clerics of

480-481: The responsibility of this congregation, even if the above is carried out by Latin Church missionaries. The congregation collaborates with the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity in matters that concern relations with non-Catholic Eastern churches and with the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue in matters within the scope of the latter. On 6 January 1862, Pope Pius IX established

504-614: The status of a Major Archiepiscopal Church on that day by the papal document Ab ipso Sancto Thoma , and as such possesses a high level of autonomy under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches . Archbishop Pedro López Quintana, the Apostolic Nuncio in India, read the official declaration at St. Mary's Cathedral, Pattom, Thiruvananthapuram . The Hierarchical Head of the Church became a Major Archbishop who exercises patriarchal powers and governs

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528-406: The territory of the Latin Church and attends to their spiritual needs by providing visitors and even their own hierarchs, so far as possible and where numbers and circumstances require, in consultation with the congregation competent to establish particular churches in the region. In regions where the Eastern churches have been dominant from ancient times, apostolic and missionary activity is solely

552-453: The two offices are mainly differences of ceremony or honor. Major archbishops rank immediately below patriarchs in the order of precedence of the Catholic Church. If made members of the College of Cardinals , major archbishops join the order of Cardinal-Priests , whereas Eastern Catholic patriarchs join the highest order as Cardinal-Bishops . Like patriarchs, major archbishops are elected by

576-510: Was founded by the motu proprio Dei providentis of Pope Benedict XV as the "Sacred Congregation for the Oriental Church" on 1 May 1917. Patriarchs and major archbishops of the Oriental churches, and the president of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity , are members of this congregation by virtue of the law itself. The consultors and officials are selected to reflect

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